Mining and loading machine



June 9, 1931. E. c. MORGAN MINING AND LOADING MACHINE Original Filed May19. 1921 5 Sheets--SheeP l WITNESS ATTORNEYS June 9, 1931. E. c; MORGANMINING AND LOADING MACHINE June 9, 1931. E.' c. MORGAN MINING ANDLOADING MACHINE 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Original Filed May '19, 1921 l LILA,

@mmm 5 @Hom/tags L E. c. MORGAN MINING AND LOADING MACHINE OriginalFiled May 19,

June 9, 1,931.

1921 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 .w m rh .l LQ f .QN %\.MN.

sa, f*

June 9, 1931. E Q MORGAN y -MINING AND LOADING MACHINE original FileaMay 19, 1921 5 sheetssheep 5 Patented June 9, 1931 iinivruNno. MQRGAN,vor NEWyYoRK, N. Y.; oilifvE EUGENIE MORGAN .EXEGUTRIX l y MINING .eNnroAnINe Meer;:[NiiH Application filed May 19,` 1,921, SerialNor/179,854. Renewed August 2Q, 1928.'

My invention relates/to mining and loading vmachines'and one of itsobjects is the provision of breaking dovvnmechanism entirelymechanicalandadapted to enter kerfs I in the mine wall and operate toexertpressure on the walls of the kerf to dislodge material fromthe'mine vein.

Av further object of the invention is the provision of mechanism notrelying upon lo fluid pressure, for entering an incision in mine walland exertingvpressure to break down the cut material.

A' further object of the invention is the provision of controllingmechanismfor a ir coal breaker adapted to enter an incision in the minevein and exert pressure on the walls of such incision.

AOther objects vof the invention willv ap4 pear hereinafter, thenovel'features and comubinations being set forthv inthe appended claims.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, Fig. y1 represents a planV viewof my improved mining. and loading machine;

#i Fig. ,2' is a sectional elevation on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1 lookinglin the directionof they arrows; 7

Fig. 3 is asectional elevation taken on the line 3-3 of Fig.y 1;

breaking mechanism and the means for transmitting power thereto; v Fig.v5 vis a transversesectional elevational view taken on theline 545 ofFig. 1;

of the mechanical-expansible breaker,` partly in section; i f

Fig. 7 is a transverse sectional elevation takenvon the'zline 7..-7 ofFig. 6; Figs. 8 and 9` are'diagrammatic .views showing developments ofthe circular Cams of'Figsand 7; Fg..10'is a sectional elevation on theline 10.--10 of Fig. 1 looking in the direction of 4:5v the arrows;

Fig, 11 is asectional elevation similar to F ig. 3, but showing amodification;

, Fig. 12 is a sectional elevationron the,l line 12,-12of Fig. 11looking in the direction ofv eo the arrows;

Fig.. 4 .is a sectional rplan View' ofl the Fig. '6 is an elevation ofan enlargementy Fig. 13 isa sectional plan tion of Figf3; I

vrFig. 14 ris a sectional/elevation of aportion of Fig. 3'; j Fig. 15.is asectional viewon Vthe line 15-15 of Fig. 1;I and Fig.` 1G is adiagrammatic view of va v modification.

The mining andloading machine .shown in Figs. 1 and 2 comprises asupporting frame 17, the forward yportion of which is adapted to restonand slide over the y:mine

floor,Y as shown at 18. 'Mounted on this frame isa cutter-frame 19 yforoarryingand guiding a` traveling chain-cutter 20 which connected to avertical shaft 22 which eX-v .65 is adapted to loedriven by the sprocket21- secured thereto. `l\[eshing with vthis worm gear 23 is'a worm 24Whichis keyed .tol the motor shaft v2.5iof a1notor26,"as shown moreclearly in FiglO.` When the vmotor 26` is operated motion willbetransmittedy y to the sprocket 21.*to drivethe under-cutting.chain-cutter 2O toy outa kerf at the lbase of the'mine wall. i Y fSecured tothe outer lateral Vedgev ofthe base frame 17 is a'longitudinal' grooved guide frame 27 along which is .adapted to extend`a rope 28 having its free endan'chored at 29 and its other end woundonVthe rope" drum 30. f

- l By referringy to. rigs. k1 and rki0 it ein B seen that therearwardlyextending motor l Y shaft 25 has mountedzthereonlaworm'31which meshes with the worrngear 3,2 mount-` n eden the shaft 33v andextending 'to the rope drum 30. r'By means of the lever 34th@ clutch 35may be thrown'iin to cennectthe motor to the shaft I prefer toemploy ankadditional clutchk 36 for operation lay-a' lever 377 as shown inFig. 1. W'henfb'oth. l

clutches 435l and 36 are thrown in and-the rope 28 is slackr eitherclutch 35 or36l mayv to control rotationofthe rope` be operated drum`,30, but when the rope is taut itfwill hey easier vfor the attendant tooperate the clutch 36 than to operate the clutch 35. Furthermore,afterthe clutch 36, has `been released it will be easy Ato release theclutchV loo lll

35. By the provision of the clutch 36 the rope drum is made free torotate so that the attendant can take hold of the free end of the ropeand unreel it from the drum 30 in a short space of time withoutoperation ofthe motor. LThen after the rope has been anchored, as shownin Fig. 1, the clutch 3G may be thrown in and after the motor hasbeen'started and the clutch 35 thrown in the rope drum 30 may be rotatedso as to secure forward feeding movement of the mining and loadingmachine, including the` under-cutting chain-cutter.

Secured to the frame 17 is a laterally eX- tending bracket 38, as shownin Fig. 1. This bracket has secured thereto an upright shearingkerf-cutter comprising a cutter-frame 39 and a chain-cutter 40 which isadapted to be driven by the sprocket 41. The latter is mounted on'atransverse shaft 145 on the opposite end of which is mounted a beveledgear 43 meshing with another-beveled gear 44 on the upper end of theshaft 22. Therefore when the motor 26 vis operated the sprocket 41 isdriven, as well as the sprocket 21,' and therefore the upright chainkerfcutter yis driven at the same time that the under-cuttingkerf-cutter20 is driven.

-Extending longitudinally 4of the main frame ofthe mining and loadingmachine isa scraper-type of conveyer comprising a stationary bed plate45 along which are adapted to slide the cross-connected scrapers 46, asshown in. Figs. 1 and 5. This conveyer is shown diagrammatically at 47in F ig. 2. lThe Vforward r portion of the conveyer is adapted to belocated within the boundary of the forward portion of the under-cuttingkerf-cutter so as to occupy a horizontal plane and'so as to adapt thereceiving portion of this conveyer to enter the under-cut kerf asubstantial distance. The intermediate portion of the conveyer 47 isinclined'upwardly, as shown in Fig. 2, and the upper elevated horizontalportion extends to a position for delivering thematerial to the loadingconveyer 48. `The latter may also be of the scraper-type coi'nprising astationary bed plate 49 and cross-connected Scrapers 50. Also, looselymounted on the motor shaft 25 .is a worm 51, as shown in Figs. 1 and 10.This worm meshes with a worm-wheel 52, as V`shownin Figs. 1 and 2. Theworm-wheel 52'fis`connected Vto one end of theshaft v53 mounted insuitable fixed bearings y54 and 55. The end of the shaft opposite tothat Vwhich carries the worm `gear 52 is provided with a beveled gear 5Gmeshing with a similar beveled gear 57 at one endof the transverse shaft58 mounted `atthe rear end of the conveyer 47 as shown the transverseshaft 69 which is connected' to sprockets similar to those designated 59and 60V and arranged similarly to drive chains between which areconnected the Scrapers 50 for movement over the stationary bed plate ofthe loading conveyer 48.

The transverse shaft 58 is .provided with an extension 58 on which aremounted spaced-apart sprockets 71 and 72 for driving a pair of endlessspaced-apart chains between which are connected short crossiiights orscrapers 7 3 for movement over the surface of the stationary bedplate 74of a comparatively narrow conveyer extending from a position near-thefloor of the mine chamber adjacent'the'emerging run of the verticalshearing kerf-cutter. This narrow conveyor is illustrateddiagrammatically at 78 in Fig. 2 and is inclined upwardly so as todeliver cuttings received thereby to the loading conveyer 48, as showninY Figs. ,l and v v ln order that the cuttings from the undercuttingkorf-cutter may also be automaticalrenioved during 'the operation of theinining and loading machine l have extended the rope-guiding plate 27forwardly to a position adjacent the forward end of the under-cutter,asshown in Fig. 1. The inner vertical surface of the plate 27 may thusform a wall extending tothe floor of the mine chamber to guide thecuttings onto the horizontal surface 17 which is spaced only a shortdistance above the floor of the mine chamber. As the yunder-cuttingkericutter operates, the cuttings will be moved thereby along the spacebetween the plate 27 and the frame 19 over the end Y18 and onto thesurface 17 and across the latter into the trough 76, as illustrated inFig. 15, which is a section takenon. the line 1li-15 of Fig. 1 lookingin the'direction of, the arrows. In Figavv 15 is shown the foot shaft 77provided with vsprockets 7 2 and 71 meshing with the sprocketchains ofthe-narrow conveyer 78shown inv Fig. 1. The path of travel of theunder-cutting chain-cutter 2() Vis illustrated diagrammatically at 79 inFig. The relation of the path of travel 79 of the under-cuttingkerf-cutter 20 to the path of .travel of the' conveyer 78 is such thatthe cuttings may be moved into position for delivery to the lowerreceiving end of the conveyor 7 8, as illustrated in Fig. 15.

In order to adjust the upward or downlll Illl

teca-aaa ward inclinationlol the under-cutter so ,as to enable`theinacliine toiiollowfthe direction el the lmine vein, l haveprovided-a Hoor jackat the rear end olA the Vtrame 17,y as shown inFigs. 1 and 2. Mounted ron the frame 17 is a bearing 80 for the verticalscrew-threaded shaft v81 to'the upper end of which is connected anoperating wheel 82, The screw-threaded portion of the shaft81 isscrew-threaded into the vertical central upwardaextension 83 of acylindrical supframe of the machine and parts otthe jack,r

A sufiicient areais aflordedfby the large base plate 84 to support therear portion of the machine and by operating the wheel 82 the machinemay be tilted up and down on the forward end 18.01"A the ,frame 17 asaulcrum, and by rea-son of the. vertical cylinf: drical extension 85 lreeoperation of the jackis easier at f readily enter the kcrf out bythevertical kort-cutter.k ,"Tliis mechanical breaker is shownin'pesitioninthe cutter-raniefl in Figs. 2 and 8, andthe details ol..construc tionare shown in Figs. 6 to ,8, inclusive. The ybreaker 87 comprisesoppositely disposedA plungers 88 and 89 having flat outer sur-A facesadapted tot engage the. walls of the,

l-ert cut by the vertical ker-cutter. The central portions oftheplungers 88 and89 are provided with telescoping l cups 90 and 91which litl closely together, shown in Fig. 7and act as guides forv theplungers 88 and 8.9 to maintain the latter in axial alinenient. Thecylindrical cup 91 is adapted to tit into thecylindrical' re# cess 92 inthe plunger 88. llithiii the Ycup 90 .is vloci-:ted aspring 9.8 one endof which is secured by means of the bolt 9;1and the nut 95 to the'ccnterof' the plunger 89. The other end of the spring 98;is connected to thecenter ofthe plunger 88by means of the'bolt 95 and the nut 9.7. Thespring 98 is a retracting spring lfor holding 1theplung-l ers. 88 and 89together in; the positions ved oii'a shaft'101.

all Vtimes since no material can collect between parts or" the jack andthe framework and whatever material col- .cylindrical shown. in Fig. 7and for restoring the plungers to. tho positions shown in Fig. 7 after.they `have 'been operated in the manner hereinafter described. Y

lVithin the casing 98 is mounted a worin- Wheel .99 meshing with a worm100 mount- At the center 4oit the worm-wheel 99 is a circular opening102 'to permit free movement therethrough of the cylindrical cup 9 1.The worm-wheel 99 is mounted on"l ball bearings, ras indicated at 10,3inFigs. 6 and 7, so as to, permit free rotation .of the worm-wheel 99relatively to the casing 98-wlien the shaft 10.1 is rotated in theldirection indicated bythe varrowlOein Fig. 6. The casing 98 by meansofthe diametrical extensions and 108 is mounted in the ytransverseguideways 107 and 108 inthe cutter-'frame-109, as

sliown'in Fig. l 3. The transverse guiden ways 107 and 108 are providedfor the pur.-

kpose of enabling onek plunger, such as that indicated at 88 in' Fig.`7, to engage the solid unmined mass, while the other plunger 89 moves'inthe direction 'of they dis lodged mass of coalY while the verticalcutteif-fi-ame remains in its same position rela-y tive to the verticalplane ol" the korf lcut thereby.

Mounted on opposite faces of the. Worm gear 9.9 are concentrih cams 110,111, and 112 V113. These cams are developedy into straight lines inFigs. 8 and 9. YEach of these cams is formed spirally, as indicated byythe dotted lines in Fig. 7,- ythel camsl 111 and 118 being spiraled inone direction, and the cams 110 and. 112 beingy spiraled in the oppositedirection@ The cams 110 and 111 closely interlit similar spiral cams114,115 on the plungers 88 and 89, respectively. The spiral cams 112.and 113 likewise closelyinterlitlsimilar spiral cams 116, 117 on the*plungers .88 and 89, respectively. Each of the. spiral cams exteiidsoveralmost com# plete circle, as viewed in elevation and as shown in Fig.6.. The sectional.' portion of Fig. being taken on the line (3---6V ofFig.

r7 lookingin the direction of the arrows it .eran be readily seen byreference to Figs. 0 and 7 that when the Vworm-Wheel 99 is 'rotated inthe direction of the arrow '118 the cams 11() and 111 will lact on thercams 1141 vand 115, respectively, while at the saine time the cams 112and 118 will act on the rcams 116 and 117, respectively, to spread.apart the plungers 88 and v89 against the action joli the spring 98while said plungers are guided concentrically. by means of the teleandthe cams separated at the breaks 119 Y and 120 when theispring 98 willact'to again closely interitthe cams throughout their entire lengths. Itshould be understood that as the gear-wheel 99 rotates, the cams thereonwill ride along the cam surfaces on the plungers to spread them apart'until the ends 121 and 122 are reached. These ends are farther away fromthe central plane Vof the gear 99 than any other portions of the cams111 and 113 and therefore when the breaks 119 and 120 are reached theplungers will be snapped back into their initial positions by theretractingr spring The spreading of the plungers is therefore entirelyvmechanical7 although effected by self-acting power mechanism, and therestoration ofthe plungers is automatically eifected by the spring 93when the gear 99 has made a complete rotation.

In order to prevent the plunge-rs 88 and 89 rotating relatively to theeasing 98, -I have provided radial vpins 123 and 124 fitting in andsliding along slots 125 and 125 in the casing 987 as shown in Fig. 7.

In order that the easing 98 may Ibe filled With lubricating material, Ihave provided annular gaskets 127 and 128 held-in position against thecircumferential surfaces of the plungers 88 and 89 by means of theannular plates 129 and 130 secured to the casing 98 by means of thebolts 131 and 132.

By referring to Figs. 3 and 6 it will be seen that the worm 100 in thegear casing 133 is n'iounted on the shaft 101 which is connected by theuniversal joints 134, 135 and intermediate sliding connection `136 to ashaft 137 which has secured thereto a worin 138 meshing with aworin-wheel 139. Splined to the shaft 137 is a clutch element 140provided with teeth adapted to engage the corresponding teeth on theclutch element 141 which is keyed to a short shaft 142. At the rear endof the latter is a beveledgear 143 meshing with another beveled gear 144on the transverse shaft The latter also carries the sprocket 41, asshown in Figs. 1 and 4.

Connected to the clutch element 140 is an operating lever 146. Byreferring to Fig. 3 it will be seen that when the lever 146 is pulledrearwardly the clutch element 140 will engage the clutch element 141 sothat power transmitted from the motor 120 through the beveled gears 44,43 to the transverse shaft 145 will be transmitted through the beveledgears 144 and 143 to the shaft 137 and thence through the flexibleconnections 134, 135, 136 to the worin 100 to effect rotation of thegear 99 and the operation of the coal-breaking plungers 88 and 89.

Y When the shaft 137 is rotated in the direction indicated by the arrow104 in Fig. 6 the worin gear 139 shown in Fig. 3 will be rotatedclockwise tot-urn the cam 'i4-7 to push back the horizontal rod 148 intothe recess 149 and against the action ofthe spring 150 therein.Intermediate the ends of the rod 148 is pivot-ed at 151 a pawl 152 whichis adapted to slide over and fall back of the upward projection of thecollar surrounding the clutch element 140. vWhen the cam 147 has made acomplete rotation the rod 148 will be released and thereupon the spring150 will act to push the rod 148 forward to cause the pawl 152V torelease the clutch element 140 from the element 141 and thusautomatically discontinue the rotation of the shaft 137 and theoperation of the mechanical expansible breaker.

The frame 109 together with the chainguide 39 in reality constitutes thecritterframe7 and this cutter-frame is mounted on the frame 38, as shownin Figs. 1 and The forward portion 38 is so arranged as to support theframe 1.09 for Vrelative movenient to effect adjustment of the length ofthe distance between the outer run of the chain-cutter and the shaft145. The slack in the chain may thus be regulated and the length of thevertical shearing cutter adjusted bytal'ig out or inserting links inaccordance with the relative positions of' the frames`109 and 38. Toeflect such adjustment the nuts 154 and 155 may be loosened on thescrevv-threaded rod 156 so that either of said nuts may be turnedagainst the depending-extension 157. The screw-threaded rod 156 issecured at 158 to the frame 38. The forward end of the frame-38 isprovided with a slot 159 to fit over a lguide rod 100 secured to theframe 109. 'Ihe rear end of the frame 38"'nas a slot 101 to receive abolt 162 so that by means of a nut 163 the frame 38 may be secured inVadjusted position relative to the frame 100,? and for this purpose alsothe nuts 154 and may be tightened against the depending projection 157.c

The rpawl 152 is provided with a` heel 164 in position to engage avertical rear face of the frame 38 to automatically release the pawl 152from the collar 153 when the spring 150 returns the rod 148 to itsinitial position shown in Fig. 3. In Figs. 13 and 14 I have shown theypositions of the parts in full lines at the time when the cam 147 isaboutV to release the rod 148 so that the spring 150 may cause the pawl152 to release the clutch element 140 and after this is effectedthe heel'164- will strike the frame 38 and move the pawl to the dotted lineposition so that the clutch element 140 will be free to move forwardagain when desired by means of the lever 146 T he mechanical breaker hasa limited lateral movement relatively to the frame 109Y ecause theprojections 105 and 106 of the casing 98 fit into latere. guideways 107and 108 which permit free movement of the entire breaker transversely ofthey frame 109 to a limited extent. rIhis is for the purpose of enablingone plunger,"such as that designatthe l clutc tedjby the slidingconnection 136. It should beV understood, however that the ymechanicalbreaker always lz remains ,in position inthe frame ,109, the guideways107 and 108 being inthe nature of sockets which permit the extensionsand 106 to move laterally and transversely of the frame 109, but not outof the same. I

In Figs. 11 and 12 I have shown a modificationby making provisionrfortwo mechanical breakers both mounted on the upright. orshearing,kerf4cutter. p The lower breaker and the v.mechanism foryoperating it is substantially the-same as thatshown in Fig. The frames38, 38 and 109. of Fig. 3 are lmodified to `accommodate an additionalmechanicalbreakerll above the breaker 87.

On the shaft 142 yis a spur gear 166 which meshes with a gear; 167 andthe latter in turn meshes with a gear 168.A The gear168is secured to ashort shaft 169 which carries a clutch 'element 170adapted to be engagedvby avclutch element 171. At the lupper end of the `support 17:2 isabearing forfthe operating lever 146, the forward endof which is pivotedat 173 to theupper end of a lever 174 connected to theclutch element171. The lever 174is shown more clearly in Fig. 12, which is a sectionon the line 12`12of Fig. 11 and looking in the. direction ofthe arrows.pivoted in brackets 175'tothe rear end of the frame 1 7 6. The lower endof the lever 174 is connected tov the clutch element 140. rlhereforewhen the level-l l174 istilted on its pivot 177 one of theclutch'elements `171 or 140 will. be .thrown in. while at the same timethe instance, if the lever 146`is pushed forward, h y@element 171.Ywillnbe likewise pushed forward, while vthel clutch element '.140 willbemoved toward the rearinto engagementwith the clutch element' 141. y

The .clutch element: 171 is mounted on the shaft 178 which is journaledin bearings on the upper portion of the frame 17 6, Vas shown inFig. 11.The shaft 178 has securedthereto a'worin 179 whichin'eshes with'thewormvwheel 180 provided witha cam 181 in posi-` tion to engage thek rod182.

The latter has pivoted thereto at v183 a pawl 184"in position to engagethe latch y185 on the clutch element 171-jwhen the rod 182l is pushedrearwardly by the cam 181 against the action of the spring 186. .'Whenthe cam 181 releases the rod 182,-. to permit the spring 186 to movesuch'rod for-ward the pawl 184will beauto- Intermediate itsends thelever 174is otherone ywill be thrown out. ,For

matically releasedffby the heel 187;r striking K the rear surface of theAframe 176. l

lVhen the shaft 178 is rotated power 'may be transmitted through theflexible connections 188 and 189 to the gear in the` casings 133and 98to operate the plunger 89 an y another plunger on the opposite sidesimilar to that designated 88 in Fig.` 6. Lateral projections 105V and106are located-in sockets 107 and .108 so that theupper breaker may alsohave a limited lateral movement relai.-V

ti-ve tothe frame 109.. The length ofthe cutter-frame may 156 inthe same`manner as lexplained in connection with Fig. 3. The depending bracket157, however, is longer and is provided with an opening 190 forthepassage ofthe flexible shaft of the upper breaker operating be variedfbymeans of the nuts 154 and 155 on the sorewthreaded` rod 1 y kso Ythele'ver 146 in the same direction as before.

Or, the breakers may be operated alternately by moving the lever 146 inone direction for operation of the lower breaker' and inthe oppositedirection.A for operation of the upper breaker. Y that eitherbreaker maybe operated as many times in successionA as desired, or, the breakersmay be operated alternately, Vand this may be done by means of oneactuating lever which is connected to both'` clutches. 'i

ln Fig. 16 I havehdiagrammatica the gear wheel 99,:shown in Fig. 6ancheach connected to breaking y mechanism. suchlas e means fof this berotated Y.1n

shown in Figs. 6 and 7. --By arrangement the gears can the direction rofarrows 118 and 194 when the shaft 101 is rotated in the direction of'the arrow 104.; By thec'ontinuousrotation ofthe gears 99 and 193 thebreakers will tion of such gears@ k Gbviously those skilled in the art,may

continue to operatel once during eachfrota# make various changes in thedetails andan rangements. of

ment of my inventilm,whatl` 'claim and de-y i sire to secure by LettersPatent vof the United Statesl is:

Ally. illusT ytra'ted a modification of Fig. 11 by provid-vv ing asingle shaft 101ggwithtwo woi1ns`191 and .192 thereon with the teethoppositely spiraled to mesh with 'upper and lower gear wheels 99 and193, each corresponding to" It Should be Yumieifsarn 1. In aminingmachine, the combination With a'plane kerf-cutter, of a liat breakercarried thereby in the plane thereof to enter the kerf cut by saidkorf-cutter, and means for supporting saidy flat breaker for limitedmovement .transversely of itself and bodily transversely of the plane ofsaid kerf-cutter.

2. In a mining machine, the combination With a plane kerf-cutteigrof anexpansible breaker comprising an enclosure and relatively expansiblekerf-Wall engaging. surfaces onr the exterior of said enclosure, andnon-yielding mechanical. mechanism Within said enclosure for operatingsaid breaker.

Ina miniii j machine, the combination with a vplane kerf-cutter, vof anexpansible breaker mounted thereon and comprising kerf-wall engagingsurfaces movable toward and from each other along straight linestransversely of the kerf Walls, and mecha.- nism comprising juxtaposedrigid mechanical elements for positively operating said breaker.V

4. AIn a mining machine, the combination with a plane kerf-cuttercomprising a Hat cutter-frame with an endless cutter-chain mountedthereon., of a: flat breaker connected to said cutter-frame to therewithmove into the kerf produced by said cutterchain, said breaker comprisingspaced-apart kerf-Wall engaging surfaces relatively movable in oppositedirections to simultaneously engage opposing Walls of the kerf andsivmultaneously exert pressure thereon, and

means consisting of rigid mechanical elementsindependent of fluidpressure to exert noli-yielding pressure simultaneously on oppositeWalls of the `kerf to dislodge material adjacent the same.

5. In a mining machine,fthe combination With aplanekerf-cutter'comprising a Vflat cutter-frame and aV travelingcutter-chain thereon, of a flat expansible breaker mounted on saidcutter-frame and comprising a transverselyA movable plunger, comprisinga rotary device for directly actuating sa'idjplunger to exert pressureon the material adjacent said korf to dislodge such material'.v

` 6. In afniininginachine, the combination With a plane kerf-cuttercomprising a flat cutter-frame and a traveling. cutter-chain thereon, ofa flat breaker vmounted on said cutter-fraine and comprising atransversely movable plunger and spiral Wedge mechanisin for operatingsaid plunger,and means coinprisinga Worm gear connected to said Wedgemechanism to operate the latter towards the plunger to exert pressureagainst material adjacent said kerf to dislodge such material. i

'7. An expansible breaker comprising a Vflat `Vframev adapted `to vbeinserted into a plane kerfin a mine Wall, a Hat plunger fitting in saidframe and movable relativel and meansv thereto transversely thereof, anadditional flat plunger fitting in said frame and movable relativelythereto transversely thereof,A

.tively to said frame to exert pressure on opposite Walls of said planekerf.

8. A breakeradapted to be inserted into a kerf in a mine Wall'andcomprising a casing, circular concentric plungers mounted on said casingfor movement in opposite directions relatively to Vsaid casing, a rotarydevice comprising a plurality of spiral cam surfaces adaptedvto interfitand engage 'corresponding spiral cani surfaces on the respectiveplungers, and means for operating said rotary device to vsecureIexpansion in the breaker by moving the plungers apart to exert pressureon the Walls of the kerf.

9. A flat breaker adapted to be inserted into a plane kerf in a mineWall and comprising a supporting frame, a plunger mounted on said framefor movementtransversely thereof and having a kerf-Wall engaging'surface greater in Width than the thickness of said supporting frame,rotary mechanism for operating said plunger to exert pressure over suoliWide area on the Walls ofthekerf, and means for automatically restoringsaid plunger to initial position upon predetermined rotation of saidrotary mechanism.

l0. A breaker adapted to be inserted into a kei-f in a mine Wall andcomprising a frame, a plunger movable relatively to said frame, and arotary device having-a` pairof segmei'ital spiral surfacesconceiitrically arranged' and adapted to lit corresponding spiral camsurfaces on the inner side of said plunger.

Il. A breaker adapted to be inserted into a kerf in a mine Wall andcomprising a casing, a Worm gear fitting in said casing, a pair ofcircular plungers mounted in a circular opening in said casing andadapted to move in opposite directions'to exert pressure on the Walls.of the kerf, telescoping' vcups connected to the central portionsofsaid plungers tov guide the latterY for coaxial movements in oppositedirections, a retracting spring connected at its ends Awith therespective plungers on the interior of the inner cup, a pair of spiralWedges surrounding said telescoping cups and connected to said Worm`gear to rotate therewith, saidV plungers having corresponding spiral camsurfaces for engagement by said spiral Wedges, and means for rotatingsaid Worm gear to'spread apart theplungers and therebyexert pressure onythe Walls of the kerf iodislodge the material, said Wedges beingconstructed and` arranged to permit saidV s Drin,or to automaticallrestore said lunoers l o s to initial position `upon a completelrotation 'of said worm gear. f i

12. `A breaker comprising aliiat casing adapted to` enter a narrow kerfin a mine wall, a plunger larger in diameter than the thickness of saidcasing and mounted on 'said casing for movement transversely thereof,means for preventing rotary' movement otfsaid plunger relatively tolsaid casing, and means comprising a rotary 'device movable into thelkerf'out by'said kort-cutter for operating said plunger to produce-pressureon the walls 'of s-'aid narrow kerf in which said breaker is inserted.yY

"13th-A breaker comprising a 'pressure-ex-v erting plunger, a casingVoit' greater r'width than the thickness of said Aplunger to'adapt thebreaker to enter comparatively narrow korf in a mine wall,af-liquid-tight -gasket between said casing and said plunger, Aand meanscomprising' .gearing enclosed within said casing for operating` saidplunger io exert pressure on the .walls of such'ke'rf in 'whichsaidbreaker is inserted, 14. Ina mining` machine, the combination with aplane ker-cutter, 'ot a flat breaker mounted thereon, power transmissionmechanism Vtor operating said breaker, a clutch for connecting a sourceof powerv to said power transmission mechanism, and means. forautomatically releasing said clutch to stop the operation of saidbreaker. 15. In amining` machine, thecombination with a. planehert-cutterl comprising a fiat cutter-frame and a traveling cutter-chainthereon, Vot power transmission mechanism comprising a'connectingclutch, `means tor operating said clutch to connect a source ot power tosaid breake'r to operate the same, and means for automaticallyreleasing' said clutch and restoring the same to position for beingtl'irow'n inagai'n. y y

16. In aV mining machine, thecombination 'with a plane korf-cutter, owa'Vmechanical eXpa-nsibleY breaker `'mounted thereom power transmissionmechanism comprising a clutch, a manual levertor. throwing` in ysaidclutch, and means ttor automatically releasingA said clutch lto stop theoperation .of said breaker. 17. YIn amining machine, the. combinationwith a' supporting trame, lof va breaker mountedthereon, powertransmission mechanism for said breaker and comprisingha clutch, `meansfor actuating said clutch to connectfa source o'fgpower vto saidbreaker'through said power transmission mechanism, andmeans for automaticallyreleasing said clutch to stop the operation of saidbreaker, 18. In amining machine, the combination with a plane kerf-cuttercomprising acutterirameandatraveling chain-cutter thereon, oit van expansible'breaker mounted 4onisaid cutter-frame for limited lateral. Vnriovementtransversely 1, thereof, means. for :adjusting relative positionsofportions lof said-cutterate sliding connection to permit relativeadjustments of said portions ot said cutter- 'f'ramef f c l 19. In"zi-'miningA machine, the combination with a supporting trame adaptedftoenteragkerf inv amine wall, ofa plurality Vfor". expansiblebreakersmounted on said cutter-tramein position't'oexert pressure on the wallsvof the kerf, power transmission mechanism for said breakers, clutchmechanism for .controlling said power transmission mechanism, andasingle actuating lever connected to vsaid clutch mechanism for eifectingthe operation otrany one ofl saidA breakers vsuccessivelyor theoperation of saidfbreakers alternately. i Y

l' 20. In a'mining machine,'t he combination with a supporting frame, oaplurality of breakers mounted thereon, power transmission me'chanism`connected to la singie source 'of power,and clutch'mechanismYopei'r'abler bya-"single lever for controlling the operationy of saidbreakers individually. 21. In a mining machine, the combination witlifavplane kerf-cuttenci a plurality of expansibl'e breakers mountedthereon, .powery transmissionV mechanism `connected to said breakers,'clutch mechanism for controlling the operation ot` said '-fbr'eakers,manual mechanism lfor throwing` in said clutch mechanism, and automaticmecl'ianism for Y releasingsaid clutch mechanism to stopv the Yoperation of said breaker.-

Inv mining;` machfne, the combination with Aa r'plane kerl-cutter, ofabreaker' mounted thereony and comprising plungers movable from.opposite sides of said kericutter, and means for permitting lateralmovement of the breaker as a Whole transversel'yof said` kort-cutter topermit one of said plungers to `'engage the solid -un'mined masswhilelthe 'other engages materialv adjacenty the'kerfto dislodge thesame. n

. 23. In a'mining machine, the combination withtfa suppcitingl frame,ot' kerf-cutting offsaid trame, an operating mot-or having a shaft 'one'end of which is connected to'sai'd -l'rerf-'cuttin'g mechanism ltodriveA the same, means forteeding saidkerf-cuttingv mech- Alao' p vanism` comprisinv ropegearing and driving apparatus there or connectedtothe other :endet said motor, ,said` driving apparatus p comprising;Y adrivingv shaft .connected to 1 the. mot-'or shaftv anda driven shaft atright iso n* mechanism mounted o n fthe-forward portion y with asupporting frame, of kerf-cutting mechanism mounted thereon, anoperating motor mounted on said supporting frame, means connectedbetween one end of said motor and said kerf-cutting mechanism to drivethe same, a power transmission shaft, a rope drum loose on said shaft,.arope wound on said drum and adapted to have its free end connected to ananchorage in the mine, ak clutch for disconnecting said shaft and drumto permit free rotation of the latter, means comprising a driving shaftconnected to the other end of said motor and extending transversely ofsaid "power transmission shaft fortransmitting power to the f. latter,and van additional clutch for connecting the driving shaft to said powertransmission shaft. f

25. In a mining machine, the combination with 'aV supporting frame, ofkerf-cutting mechanism mounted thereon, an electric motor having a shaftextending longitudinally of said supporting frame, mechanism connectedbetween the forward end of the motor shaft and said kerf-cuttingmechanism to drive the latter, feeding mechanism comprising transverseshaftsV with Worm gearing intervening connecting the rear end of themot-or shaft to a rope winding drum with avrope wound thereon, and.separate clutches for controlling said feeding mechanism one clutchbeing on one shaft and the other clutch on the other shaft. Y

26.In a long wall mining machine, the combination with a supportingframe, of an upright kerf-cutter and a` horizontal kerf-cutter on theforward portion of said frame, an loperating motor mounted on the rearportion of Saidframe, driving mechanism between thev forward end of saidmotor and said kerf-cutting mechanism, a rope drum on the rear end ofsaid supportingframe, a rope wound on said drum and adapted to have itsfree end, connected to ananchorage in the mine with the rope extendinglongitudinally of said frame,

7 a shaft for said drum -and mounted 0n kditionalclutch for controllingtransmission of jp'ower from said Vdrive shaft through said Worm gearing`to said first-named shaft to rotate said rope drum when saidfirst-named clutch is in to .effect -feeding of saidkerfcuttingmechanism when said rope end is connected to an anchorage, said shaftsbeing arranged ltransversely to each other and one clutch being on oneshaft and the other clutchbeing on the'other shaft.

27. In a mining machine, the combination with a plane kerf-cuttercomprising a cutter frame and an endless traveling chain cutter mountedthereon, of a pressure-exerting device entirely mechanical carried bysaid cutter frame within the boundary of the chain cutter and comprisingrelatively telescoping members with a spring enclosed thereby, and.means for operating said mechanical pressure-exerting device. s 28. In amining machine, the combination of a plaire kerf-cutter comprising aflat cutter frame and an endless cutter chain mounted thereon,anentirely mechanical eX- pansible pressure-exerting device mounted onsaid cutter frame within the boundary thereof and comprising pressureexerting plungers movable in opposite directions each relatively to saidcutter frame, and al spring between said plungers.

29. In a mining machine, the combination with la supporting frame, of acutter-frame rigidly connected to said supporting frame y to movebodily.l therewith, a cutting chain on lsaid cutter-frame, means fordriving said cutting cham, means for moving said supporting frame toeffect feeding of said cuttinO' chain means ada ted to enOaO'e the b 7 bt) walls of the kerf independently of the feeding of said cutting chainand connected to said cutter-frame to move bodily therewith into thekerf cut by said cutting chain, and means comprising spirallyinterengaging surfaces for operating said korf-wall engaging means.

30. flat breaker adapted to be inserted into a kerf in a mine wall andcomprising a frame, a pair of oppositely moving plungers mounted in saidframe for movement outwardly therefrom, and means comprising spiralwedge mechanism for operating both of saidy plungers simultaneously bymoving both of them outwardly from said frame in Vopposite directionsagainst the walls of the kei-f to exert sufiicient pressure thereon tobreak down lthe material Vin a mine vein.

3l. Ina mining machine, the combination with a plane kerf-cuttercomprising a cutter'- frame anda traveling chain-cutter thereon,

of an eXpansible breaker on rsaid cutterframe, means for adjustingrelative positions of portions of said cutter-frame to adjust the slackin said chain-cutter, and power transmission mechanism for operating thesaid breaker and comprising a sliding connection to permit relativeadjustments of said portions of said cutter-frame.

32. In a mining machine, the combination with a plane cutter-frame, of atraveling chain-cutter mounted thereon, a sprocket on said frame fordriving said chain-cutter, a breaker comprising expansible'meansentirely mechanical and mounted on said frame in position to move intothe kerf cut by said cutter-chain, and power transmissionmechanismconnected between said Vsprocket and said expansible means Vforoperating the breaker. v. `v

, 33.- In'a mining machine, the combination with` a chain -kerf-cuttei",of a plurality of breakers mounted thereon, power transmission mechanismfor operating said breakers,

and inter-connected clutch mechanism for effecting the operation ofeither breaker at 34. In armining machine,fthe ycombination With a chainkerfcut'tercoinprising adriving sprocket, ol a plurality ospaced-a'partbreakers on said kerf=ci`1tter, power transmission :mechanism connectedbetween'v lsaid sprocketfand said breakers, and means for controllingthe; transmission of power tosaid breakers individually tosecureoperation of one and vthen the'fotl'ier as desired ,to break upthe material operated on `with ytheassistance of bending forcesvthereon,A

f 35., In amining machine, thercombination With 'cutting mechanismadapted to make an incision ina mine Wall, ofal'rame Jfor carrying thesame, an auxiliary frame mounted on `said carrying frame, a `pair ofoppositely vmoving plungers mounted on said.auxiliaryV trame to move inopposite directions to exert pressure on the opposite Walls of theinci-v sion, and mechanicalrotary mechanism entirely enclosed bysaid'auxiliary frame and said plungers for expanding the latter to causethe same to-engage and exert pressure on such oppositefwalls of theincisioncut by said-cutting mechanism;

36. Iii-fa mining i'nachine, the combination With cutting mechanismadapted to posite walls "of [the Reiff, and mechanism movable'continuously in the same direction Vfor operating said,expanfsijon.yand contracte ing means'. I

3S.' Iny machine, the combina-- tion With a plane' hert-cuttercomprising a duced by saidfkerf-eutter flat cutter frame and a chaincutter mounted tliereomof an expansible pressureexert#Y ing devicecomprising telesco ingcylinders having 'radiali extensions to erm flatparallel -e'i'igaging surfaces and connected to saidcutter frame totravel ,into they kerf produring the feed ofA all engaging mechanism, t

engaging mechanism along f the lattei-,"and means 'ore'xerting pressureon, said extensions lto spread the same apart rin opposite directionsto. cause said parallel surfaces to engage the Walls oic the ker, andmeansfor operating said kerf-cutter includ 'ing feedtliereofindependently.or1 the operationvof saidvexpansibledevices y ,y 39. In -a,inii'iingmachma `the combination vWith a supporting frame, of a planekorf-cutter mounted thereon and comprising Y.

a cutter frame and iin/endlessv chaincutter adapted to travel varoundthe same,`mean's yfor operating said -ker-t-cutter includingthe feedthereof, an-expaiisible ybreaker mounted o'n-fsaid cutterfraineand'co-mprising tele- A scoping cylinders with a restoring spring Withinthe same, and'meansiorloperating said'br'eaker comprisingl rotary camlmecha-v nism surround-ing said cylinders.Y

40, In a mining machine, thecombination With a kerf-cutteradaptedtofform a kerfy the-freeface of in a mineivall spacedfiiroin the coal,ofa mechanical breaker carriedfby Y lsaid* kei'f-cutter vand comprising a.vrotary device operable Withinrtli'esame on anaxis at right angles-tothe plane of the kerffcut by said korf-cutter to expand the breaker toexert pressure toivard the free face to dislodge the coal, mechanicaldevices" for transmitting power and means to control the operation ofsaid mechanical devices.` f w v5 t y 4l. In afinining inacliine,=`thecombination with; kerfecutters, of' means for operating saidkerfscutters''to simultaneously form to said rotary device, n

ico

horizontal and vertical'keris in a mine Wall Y y spaced from thefreeface of the coal, and means carried bythe verticalv kerfficutter inposition to enter the kerr'- cut thereby and exert pressure toward tliefree face to dis lodge the-coal, said,y means comprisinga mechanicalrotaryAv deviceoperable on; yan axis at right angles to the-plane oftlieverz vtical ker, power transmissionmechanism connectedv to said.rotary device,y and means to controlv said 1 power Atransmissionmechansnl.k '2T Il v n y, fr 42. Ina mining macliine,-tlie combinationwith kei-cutters adapted tosimultaneously formfhorizontal and verticalkerfs in a coal v face, ofif a cam-actuated breaking` 'down Y' "meanscarried by y the., `vertical ker'l'cutter. inv

position to enter the vertical kertin its en-f.

tirety and exert mechanical pressure trans verselyfof the kerf whenentirely" Within the same to dislodge the coal, and means to controlfrom Withoutthe kerf the operation of said cam-actuated breaking-downmeans VWithin thekerf. Y f' 1f.

43'.' InI a mining machine, the combination` vvith'a frame, ofmeanscarried therebyrork making an r"incision in a mine vein, meanslying Withinv the boundary ofv the incision making meansior exertingypressure on the Walls of the kerf independently of the bodily movementof the incision making means, said pressure exerting means comprisingflat kerf wall engaging devices with co-acting expansion mechanismbetween the same coniprising a rotary Vdevice operating on an axis atright angles to the faces of said kerf wall `engaging devices, and meansfor controlling from' without the incision the operation of the breakerwithin the incision.

44. In a mining'machine, the combination with vkerf-cuttersV adapted tosimultaneously form horizontal and vertical kerfs in a coal face, ofmechanically expansible breaking mounting said breaking down means formovement as a whole laterally of the vertical kerf-cutter to enable thebreaking down means to operate independently of said verticalkerf-cutter, and means to control the operation'of said spreading apartmechanism.

45. In a mining machine, the combination :with chain kerf-cuttingmechanism, of a plurality of lexpansible breakers mounted in position toenter the kerf cut by said kerfcutting mechanism, each of said breakerscomprising Hat-faced kerf wal-l engaging devices with `means entirelymechanical between the V'same for spreading them apart to effectbreaking down of the cut material, power transmission mechanismconnected to said mechanicalmeans of both of said break-- ers, and meansfor controlling said power transmission mechanism to secure alternateoperation of said breakers and thereby adding bending forcesto theexpansive forcesI ofthe breakers toassist in prying the cut materialfrom .the unmined mass 'and the breaking thereof into pieces of sizessuitable for handling and transportation.

146. In apparatus forf mining coal, the combination with a mainframeadapted to be moved along lines parallel toxthe coal face, of lcuttingmechanism projecting hori-V zontally from said main frame and adapted toform a horizontal kerf lin the coal,'a` conveyer in'xed relation withsaid Fcutting mechanism adapted to be carried along the plane of thekerf formed by saidycutting mechanism, shearing .kerf-cutting mechanismmounted on said main framev in upright position, an eXpansible breakermounted onY said shearing kerf-cutting mechanism and comprisingspaced-apart flat-faced kerf wall engaging devices with means entirelymechanical between vthe samey for spreading them apart tobreak down thecoal onto said convey'er, and power transmission mechanismextending`from said main frame to said'mechanical means of the breaker.

47. In a mining machine, the combination with a plane chain kerf-cutteradapted to yform a plane ykerf-in a mine wall, of means for operatingsaid kerf-cutter including the driving of the chain and thev feedthereof, an eXpansible breaker mounted on said kerfcutter within theboundary of the chain in position to enter the kerf cut by the kerf-'cutter andeXpert pressure :on the walls of thekerf independently of thefeed of the kerf-.cutter to-break down material, said breaker comprisingkerf wall engaging devices and means for intermittently spreadingthe-same apart to etfectexpansion 'of the breakerI at intervals, andmeans for' automatically retracting the kerfwall engaging devices aftereach spreading apartthereof.

48. Ina mining machine, lthe combination with a supportingfframe, ofakerf-cutter mounted thereon, a motor mountedy on said supporting frame,power transmission mechanism betweensaid motor andsaid kerf-cutter tooperate the latter, an expansible breaker vadapted `to enter the kerfcut by said kerf-cutter and exert breaking pressure on the vwalls of thekerf, said breaker comprising kerf wall engaging devices with meansentirely mechanical connected thereto to spreadthe same apart,additional power transmissionmechanism connected to said spreadingmeans, and means `for controlling said additional power transmissionmechanism to secure operation of said breaker independently ofthe feedof said kerfcutter,` both of said power Atransmission mechanisms being'connected to said motor for operation thereby. f

49. In a mining machine, the combination with a plane kerf-cutter, ofmeans for operating the same including the feed thereof. andAanexpansible breaker comprising kerf wallengaging devices with rotarywedging mechanism between'the same for mechanically operating thebreaker by mechanically spreading apart saidY kerf rwall engagingdevices.` f i' In auinining'machine, thel combinationl withsupporting'framework, of chain kerfcutting mechanism mounted thereon,said kerf-cuttingmechanism comprising a cutter frame, anrexpansiblebreaker mechanical in construction and voperation throughout forexerting breaking down pressure On the walls of the'kerf independently,of the operation of-said kerfcutting, mechanism, saidV breakercomprising kerfwall'engaging devices with' mechanical spreadingA apartmeans between the same, means .for supporting-said breakerv on saidcritter frame for lateral movement relatively thereto, 'and mechanicalpower transmission means eX- tendingalong said cutter frame from said yl'nancy/m2 framew'erkte @aid spreading apart-means to 'eifect the o'peiationl of the breal'ier.-

` 5L A 'breakeradapted to be" inserted into kerf in a mine wall .andcomprising ke'rf wallengaging devices, a rotarydevice for expanding thebreaker rvby spreading apart saidkerf wall devices" to yalpredeterminedextentia spring forantoi'natically contracting the breaker "by movingsaid kerf wall engaging devices toward each other afterfhaving beenspread` apart to-said pre; determined extent, and mechanism ir'orep'eiiatingsaid rotary device,y *f

52. In ja mining machine, the combination e with al supporting frame, ofa korf-cutter mountedv thereon and kcomprising ai flat cutter frame andan, endless chain cutter adapt-- ed to trayelr'thereoma driving shaftconnected' to said f chainl cutter, an expansible breaker mountedinfpositionito travelinthe i kei-f cut by said herr-cutter,"saidubreaker.

comprising kerf wallengagingldevices with means entirely mechanicalbetween the-same to spread them apart to break down-cnt materiahandpower vtransmission mechanism connected betweensaid drive shaft and`said mechanical spreading -apart meansto operate the latter.V e yc;

53. A breakerV comprising a frame, a plunger mounted on said frame for`-movcment transversely relativelythereto, rotary cam 'niechanismjoirsaidframe for moving saidplunger transversely oi? said frameand means forguiding Suchetransverse movements of such plunger.

54. 'Abreaker adapted to be inserted into a kerf in a mine wall" andcomprising a Viframe, a transversely movable plunger on,l

said Jframe and having an :outer flatfkerf wall engaging siirfacc,and a'rotary' device.

mounted onr said frame for operation .von an axis at rightangles tothe'plane of said 'flat surface to actuate said plunger toeiiert pres'-siire on the material adjacent said-"korf to dislodge suoli material.v njV f In a mining machine, the combination with Akerf-cuttcrs adapted tosimultaneously'v form horizontal and vertical kerfs in a coal Vfacc,ofpower transnlSSion mechanism, connected to said kerfc'utters, nnechanicallyeX- vpansible *breaking down means carried by r the verticalkerf-cutter and adapted to eir-v ertfpr'essureftransiersely thereof todislodge the'coal, and means under the control ofthe 'operator forconnecting said mechanically expansible breaking downv means-:to` saidpower transmission mechanism to I'effect Aoperation of, saidmechanically expansible breaking down means."

y 56; In 'a mining machine, the combiirationwith anu'pright kerf-cutter,of power transmission '1 nechani`sm` connected thereto, me-

chanically eXpansible breaking down means 1 adapted to entertlieupright'kerf cut by said kerf-cutter, mechanicalv mechanism for oper'-rykerf-cutter and act'to" produce pressurefon vmechanism to expand lthebreaker to exert cutter; a breaker comprising ,flat *ke'rf A wall breakdown4 the niaterial,power 'transmisating' saidbreaking "down 1means -toexert pressure toward thev free vface of the coal tofdislodg'e", thesame, operative connections between said power `transmission mechanismandsaid-operating mechanism, and a clutch for controlling said operativeconnections: f

` 57; 'Inv a mining "machine, the 'c'o'mbinat'ion`A witlii'kerffcutting'mechanism comprising ,cutterlframel'land endless chainfc'utter adaptedtot'r'avel jthe'reon,v of power transw i? mission 'mechanism connected'to said Y'chainctittery to drive Athe same, '-iiatcxp'ansible pressure'f. .iie'1`ti'ng me'cl'ianism connected j :to

lsa'id cutter-frame to lie in A the plane thereof wit-hin the boundaryofsaid chai'ncutter in .i position to be carried into' the kerfproducedby 'said keif-cutter andl movev `along such ke'rfv during continuedfeeding of4 said fkefrf# cutter, and auxiliarypower vtransmissioiimechanism connected betweenY said iirs't- 55 named powertransniission',mechanism`y and the walls of said lierf at rightangiestliereto without removing thev kerf-cuttei 4and;independently ofsaid i'ieeding 'nieansfpower transmission .mechanism comprising a shaftconnectedto said cliain-ciitter, andauxiliary i s power transmissionmechanism v'comprisin a i shaft connected between' said first-namedshaft fandsaid pressure-exerting: device.LIV

52% In a mining '1'n`acli'i1i`e, tliecombination with la-plane'kerf-cutter coi'nprisiiiga ,cutter-framehaving a chain-cutter travelingyon the-periphery aie-reef, er as expensas, f

breaker havingl 'spaced-apart parallel fiat kerfwallengagingsurfaceswith Ywedg` ig mechanism `between the 4` saine; i and imeans comprisin'gvl a rotary' device rotatableV in p planes betweensaidy surfaces gandi'parallelV thereto' Vto coopei'atewith said wedgingpressiirelon*opposite walls of the lierf Acut by said chain-cutter-` Y i60. In a mining machine,I the combination with a! supportingl frame, ofa chain keifm5 engaging means with jmechanism entirely mechanical,bet'ween the same tov spread apart said kerf 'wall engaging s' meansy'to sion mechanism for driving said chain kerflao A cutter, auxiliarypower transmission mechanlsm connected -to said breaker for operatingthe same, and means operable from `without the body of material tocontrol the with a frame, ofV a traveling chain-cutter carried thereby,flat. spaced-apart ker wall engaging devices, means entirely mechanicalhetween said kerf wall engaging devices to spread the same apart tobreak down the material cut by said kerf-cutter,means for supportingsaid kerf wall engaging'devices on saidframe within the, boundary ofsaid chaincutter,power transmission mechanism comprising a shaft fordriving said chaincutter, auxiliary powerv transmission 'means betweensaid shaft and said spreading means for operating the latter from thesame source of power as that used for driving said chain-cutter, and aclutch operable from without the working face for controlling theoperation of said auxiliary power transmission means while said engagingdevices are in said kerf back of the coal face and while'saidchain-cutter is being driven.

62. In a mining machine, the combination with a supporting frame,ofmeans carried thereby for cutting a pair ofkerfs in the coal, powertransmission mechanism connectedl to said cutting means to drive thesame, an-expansible breaker carried by said cutting-means for movementinto one ofthe kerfs produced thereby, auxiliary power transmissionmechanism for operating said expansible breaker from `said iirst-namedpower transmission mechanism, and ymeans operable from without the kerfsfor controlling the operation of said breaker while the latter is in oneof said kerfs entirely back of the Working face. i

63. In a mining machine, vthe combination with a supporting frame, et Vapair of spaced-apart plane ker-cutters mounted on said frame Vand eachlcomprising a ilat cutter-frame and an endless chain-cutteradapteditotravel thereon, v'means forY operating said plane kerf-cutters includingsimultaneous feed thereof, a pair of flat-faced kerfrwall engagingdevices mounted on one of said cutter-frames infpositionto enter thecorresponding kerf, mechanism between said flat-faced engaging. devicesfor spreading them apart at right angles tothe cutter-frame 011 whichsaid devices are mounted to cause the latter to exert sulicient pressureon thev coalto break down the latter between the kerf-cutters, and powerAtransmission mechanism extending from vwithout the working face to saidspreading mechanism for operating the latter while said kerf wallengaging devices are entirely imbedded in the unmined mass. n y

64. A breaker adapted to be inserted into a kerf' in a mine wall andcomprising kerf wall engaging devices, mechanical meansrforintermittentlyy and automatically spreading apart said kerf wallengaging devices, and mechanism for operating said intermittent andautomatic spreading apait means.

k65. A breakery comprising a fiat supporting frame comparatively narrowin thickness, flat kerfwallv engaging devices having flat parallelengaging faces, said devices beingv mounted on said frame to adapt thebreaker to be inserted into a plane kerf in a min-e wall, rotary meansoperable in planes between said faces and parallel thereto to expandsaid devices to cause the same to engage the :walls of the kerf andexert suiiicient pressure thereon to break down the material, and meansfor limiting theexpansion of the breaker to a predetermined thicknessand automatically stopping the operation thereof by automaticallyreturningfsaid kerf wall engaging devices to their initial vpositions inreadiness for. another such breaking down operation.

(id-A'breaker adapted to be inserted into a kerf in a mine .wall andcomprising a 'f1-ame, kerf wall engaging devices Ahaving parallelspaced-apart engaging surfaces, telescoping guiding cylinders betweensaid kerf wall'engaging devices, and means surrounding said cylindersfor spreading apart said-kerf wall/engaging devices relatively to saidframe to cause said parallel surfaces to'exert pressure on the walls ofthe kei-f.

67. In a' mining machine, the combination with a plane korf-cuttercomprising a flat cutter-frame and an endless chaincutter mountedthereon to travel around the same, of power transmission mechanism foroperating said lkerf-cutter, an expansible breaker comprising means forautomatically expanding and contracting the same' intermittently andalternately, auxiliary power transmission mechanism, a clutch forcontrolling said auxiliary power transmission mechanism, and-meanscomprising a wiper cam 'for automatically releasingv said clutch to stopthe intermittent operation of said.

breaker afterthe samehas been operated repeatedly and automatically andintermittently as aforesaid.

n 68. The combination with a ker'f-cutter adapted to form a ,kei-f in amine wall, of expansible pressure exerting devices, means comprisingarcuate y rotary` wedges for spreading apart said expansible pressureexerting devices teva `predetermined extent and then automaticallyreleasing the same, and arestoring spring between said expansiblepressureV exertingdevices for automatically restoring the same toinitial positions in readiness Vfor anotherv expanding operation afterbeing thus automatically released by saidl arcuate rotary wedges. i

69. In a mining machine, the combination with a chain kerf-cuttercomprising a cutterframe, of a plurality of expansible breakers mountedthereon, power transmission mechanisms for operating said breakers, and

inter-connected clutches for effecting the opl eration of one breakerwhile the other breaker remains disconnected from the source of power. Yv

70. In a mining machine, the combination with a chain kerf-cuttercomprising a cutter-frame, of power transmission mechanism connected tothe Ykerf-cutter, two `spacedapart expansible breakers mounted on saidcutter-frame, power transmission mecha- Y nisms connected between saidbreakers and said first-named power transmission mechanism, clutches forcontrolling the power transmission mechanisms connected to saidbreakers, and interlocking connections between said clutches to preventboth breakers from being operated at the same time. i y

7l. In a mining machine, the combination with a. supporting frame, ofcutting mechanism mounted thereon to extend longii tudinally thereof, aVrope drum, a rope wound thereon with its free end adapted to beanchored in the mine in position to effect movement of said framelongitudinally thereof when said drum is turned to exert a pull on saidrope, a motor on said frame, and power transmission mechanism betweensaidpmotor and said rope drum comprising a drive shaft on the motorshaft and a l' of May, A. D. 1921.

EDMUND c. MORGAN.

